A structurally damaged deck is a recipe for disaster. Start by assessing how extensive the damage is.
Look for rot in the posts and joists. If you can sink a screwdriver into a post or joist, it’s time for replacement. Reach out to Mount Joy Company LLC for expert assistance.
Also check for flashing between the deck and your house. It’s one of the most common causes of deck collapses.
1. Assess the Damage
Decks can wear down over time due to the elements, usage, and type of material. Whether restoration or replacement is the right decision depends on the extent of the damage and your expectations for longevity. If your deck is showing signs of major structural damage, it’s likely time for a full replacement. However, some nonstructural issues may also warrant a new deck.
Mildew or Mold
Some mildew or mold is to be expected on any outdoor structure, but if it can’t be easily cleaned off and keeps reappearing, it could indicate a deeper problem like rot. Even if the rot only affects one or two boards, it could mean that other parts of the deck are vulnerable to rot too.
Loose Floorboards
Over time, pressure from the weight of people walking on your deck can cause some floorboards to loosen or pull away from the joists. This can be dangerous as it increases the likelihood of someone falling off or hurting themselves. If this is happening on your deck, it’s important to replace the loose boards.
Minor Cracks
Small cracks in the surface of your deck may seem harmless, but they can be a sign that water is seeping into the wood, causing it to rot. It’s worth testing for rot with the “poke” test, in which you poke a nail into the deck to see how far it goes.
Rusty Fasteners
If you notice that rust is forming on your deck’s nails, screws, or metal connectors, this indicates that the deck’s surface is not protected from moisture and sun exposure. This can lead to rotting and eventual collapse.
A professional can help you determine whether your deck is at risk of collapse and advise you on the best course of action. They can also work with you to design your new deck and make any additional improvements or upgrades that you wish to add. They will take into consideration your expectations for your new deck’s lifespan, as well as the cost of repair versus replacement and your budget. They will also help you file an insurance claim if necessary.
2. Remove the Damaged Boards
While repairing your deck can extend its lifespan, there may come a time when it is necessary to replace it entirely. The key to deciding whether restoration or replacement is the best option is the scope of damage. If the damage is limited to a few boards, patching may be sufficient. However, if the joists are compromised, replacing the entire deck will be the best choice to ensure safety and longevity.
The first step is to remove the damaged board sections from the deck. Place blocks under the ends of each joist to support it while removing the board. Then use a pry bar or hammer to pull the boards off the joists. If any nails or screws stick out above the deck boards, snip them off with a nail or screw remover tool and drill new holes to install new fasteners that are longer than those originally used to avoid rusting.
Once you have removed the boards, inspect the joists to see how healthy they are. If you notice any rot, it is important to treat and protect them with a clear wood sealer to avoid further deterioration. You should also consider sistering the joists that are damaged to maintain the integrity of your deck.
Sistering a joist involves installing a foot-long section of solid wood alongside the existing joist to reinforce it. This can be done from underneath the deck, but it is best to use a bracing system such as concrete blocks or heavy posts to keep the work area stable and safe. The new joist must be secured to the existing joists with 3-inch exterior framing screws, which should be driven into both end joists and one intermediate joist.
When replacing the deck boards, it is essential to select materials that are a similar species and grade as the originals. This will ensure that the new boards are a uniform size and will fit properly on the existing deck joists. Depending on the type of wood, you may want to use screws instead of nails, but this will depend on how the deck is built and what kind of deck hardware is used. For example, cedar and most pressure-treated wood can be screwed without predrilling.
3. Replace the Joists
The joists are the supporting beams for the deck floor. They can be either flush or drop beams, depending on the type of deck you are building. Joists are typically made from treated lumber and are designed to support a certain amount of weight. High-quality joists can last more than a decade with proper care and maintenance.
Joists are a critical component of your deck structure and when they start to rot it can be very dangerous. It is important to inspect all joists and replace them as necessary to maintain the quality of your deck.
You will know when a joist needs to be replaced because there will be significant rot in place or it has lost its structural integrity. In addition, the joist will likely not meet the required building code for its span.
When it comes time to replace your joists, you will need to choose the right wood for the job. You should opt for pressure-treated lumber that is rated for outdoor use. Additionally, it is a good idea to use joist hangers on your new joists. These are special devices that attach to the face of your joists and prevent them from sinking into the ground.
Installing joist hangers will also help to reduce the stress on your joists and prevent them from bowing or twisting under the weight of your deck boards. It is a good idea to use a level as you install the joist hangers and make sure they are level and parallel with each other.
A joist’s structural integrity may be compromised by improper cutting or drilling. Many plumbers, electricians and HVAC specialists have been known to cut or drill into joists without following the proper protocols. This can leave the joist vulnerable to water damage and other structural failures.
If some of your joists are in good condition, you can reinforce them by using a process called “sistering.” This involves adding a second joist perpendicular to the existing joist and securing it with nails or screws. When choosing the new joist for this repair, it is important to match the dimensions of the existing joists.
4. Replace the Posts
If your deck posts are rotted or unstable, you’ll need to replace them in order to restore the structural integrity of your deck. The good news is that replacing a rotten post is a relatively straightforward project for homeowners with mid-level carpentry skills. You’ll need a few basic tools and supplies, such as railing posts, bolts, screws, washers, a drill, and any additional blocking material you may need to reinforce your deck’s structure.
Preparation: Ensure that the area around the old posts is clear of decking and other structural components that could interfere with accessing them. You’ll also need to temporarily support the deck using jacks to prevent it from collapsing as you work. Jack the deck up high enough to access the buried posts and, using a saw, carefully cut away any existing concrete or wood below ground level.
Removal: Once the old post is removed, it should be replaced with a new post of similar size and construction materials (preferably pressure-treated lumber). If the new post is to be anchored in concrete, you’ll need to dig down about 20 to 24 inches, sleeve it, and concrete it. If you’re installing the post in a poured footing, you should also backfill the surrounding area with crushed rock.
Installation: Once the new post is in place, you’ll need to install 2×4 diagonal bracing between the post and the deck beam to enhance stability and durability. Use galvanized hanger nails to secure the braces.
Check Stability: Once the glue is dry, check that the new post is stable. If it moves, tighten the bolts to secure it. Be careful not to overtighten, as this can damage the wood.
A well-maintained deck is a great way to enjoy the outdoors and entertain guests. But, if your deck is damaged by water or rot, it can pose a danger to you and your family. If you spot any signs of rot or instability, don’t wait to take action and contact us for your deck repair today!